Typically, if there is no plate, a super spike just has the special PEBAX foams that are seen in the road shoes.
Research shows that foams like ZoomX, PWRRUN PB, Lightstrike Pro, and others are where the energy return comes from, and a plate is just a way to stabilize the higher stack shoes. The plate also provides a certain stiffness to the shoe, even though the foams are very squishy.
The “feel” of a plate is something that many runners enjoy, and it has seemed to produce results when looking at the amount of world records set in plated spikes.
The standard implementation of a plate in a spike is to use the preexisting hard spike plate. All spikes have a forefoot plate that houses the spike pins, so most designs involve extending that spike plate through the whole length of the shoe. It is most apparent and visible on shoes like the Saucony Terminal VT, which has the entire plate on the outsole, and completely visible. Other spikes, like the Nike Dragonfly, have the full-length plate covered by another layer of foam.
Hope this helps!