This is just an anecdote, but you might find it useful. My friend Roger ran very similar times to me (e.g. in 5k). He would go from just doing some unstructured base fitness running to peak condition so quickly it seemed incredible to me - in perhaps ~5 weeks, he'd be running his best times - but, like a fragile race horse, he could not stay at that peak for long at all - in 2 or 3 weeks, he'd be injured or burned out. By contrast, in my best season, I'd laid down a base and was already starting to do some hard speed workouts when there was still snow on the ground (beginning of March?), and kept working hard, building and building, doing a marathon PR in November (doing PRs in everything from 400m to mile to 5k to 8k along the way). If Roger and I had raced 5 weeks into each of our training cycles, he would have crushed me; if he had tried to race me after both of us put in 8 months of hard work, it would not have been a competitive race (he might not have been able to run at all if he'd tried to train hard for that long).
Of course, both of us were outliers, but I share this anecdote because I feel there may be more dramatic individual differences than people realize. (Incidentally, he and I were different body types - he was naturally very lean but slight without a lot of muscle - I was more of a larger strong muscled guy than most runners. Not sure how much this had to do with it ...) No doubt, most people - and most elite runners we read about - may fall more in the center of the curve, with, for example, 12 to 16 week training cycles working for them, broken into base/strength/speed/taper/race periodization ... but it's *possible* that something different will work for you. I'd say "try what you propose" and see how it works for you!